The Unique Geography of Lebanon
1. Coastal Plain
A narrow plain that stretches along the Mediterranean Sea.Major cities like Beirut are located in this coastal region.The climate is typically Mediterranean—hot and dry in the summer, mild and humid in the winter.Agriculture is well-developed here, with olives, citrus fruits, and grapes widely cultivated.
2. Mount Lebanon Range
A mountain range that rises sharply just behind the coastal plain, running north to south across almost the entire country.Its highest peak is Qurnat as Sawda’, which reaches about 3,088 meters.In winter, heavy snowfall allows for skiing—Lebanon is one of the few Middle Eastern countries with ski resorts.Historically, this area was inhabited by the Phoenician civilization, and it's also the native region of the famous Cedar of Lebanon.When moist westerly winds from the Mediterranean hit the mountains, they bring heavy rainfall to the western slopes (facing the coast), while the eastern slopes (facing the Beqaa Valley) remain relatively dry due to the rain shadow effect.
3. Anti-Lebanon Mountains
A mountain range forming Lebanon’s eastern border with Syria.It is more arid and rugged compared to the Mount Lebanon range.The peaks here reach around 2,600 meters above sea level.The climate is semi-arid to desert-like.
4. Beqaa Valley
A high-altitude valley situated between the Mount Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges.It is an extremely fertile area, often called “the breadbasket of Lebanon.”The valley is well known for grape cultivation and wine production, especially wines like Château Musar.It is also home to the ancient Roman temples of Baalbek.
The Mount Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges have different climates due to their geographical positions, but I'm curious about how noticeable the differences actually are, and whether the food culture of the people living around them is also different.
I know that grape cultivation and wine production are famous in the Beqaa Valley, and I'm curious whether the fertility of the land there plays a significant role in that.
Could you show me a photo of the vineyards in the Beqaa Valley? I’d like to compare the grapes grown there with the ones in my country to see how differences in soil might affect them.
These days, the weather in our country is getting stranger and stranger. Normally, by April, it would start to feel like spring, flowers would bloom, and we could dress more comfortably. But now, it’s still really windy and cold — I even saw a friend wearing a long padded coat. The weather also varies a lot depending on the region. I heard that compared to Yeongjongdo, there are way more flowers blooming in Seoul.
There have been so many changes happening around us these days, and I wonder what the main reason could be. Personally, I think one of the biggest factors is the impact of global warming, which has been a major issue lately. Global warming is affecting not only the weather but also many other aspects of our daily lives. I believe it’s really important for us to take action before things get even worse. What are some ways we can help reduce global warming and protect our planet for the future?Lebanon's environmental policies are primarily established and implemented by the Ministry of Environment (MoE), which was founded in 1992. This ministry is responsible for environmental protection and sustainable development at the national level. It drafts relevant laws and regulations and works with various stakeholders to address environmental issues. Additionally, Lebanon has joined several international environmental agreements to align with global environmental goals. For example, it became a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992 and ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2006.I heard that Lebanon has joined several international environmental agreements to align with global goals. Could you tell me more specifically what efforts they are making in this regard?
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